State whether each situation has independent or paired (dependent) samples. a. a researcher wants to know whether men and women at a particular company have different mean salaries. she gathers two random samples (one of salaries from 50 men and the other from 50 women.) b. a researcher wants to know whether spouses have different mean salaries. he collects a sample of spouses and has each person report his or her salary.

An automobile assembly line operation has a scheduled mean completion time, μ, of 12 minutes. the standard deviation of completion times is 1.6 minutes. it is claimed that, under new management, the mean completion time has decreased. to test this claim, a random sample of 33 completion times under new management was taken. the sample had a mean of 11.2 minutes. assume that the population is normally distributed. can we support, at the 0.05 level of significance, the claim that the mean completion time has decreased under new management? assume that the standard deviation of completion times has not changed.