For each of the following, use logic laws to decide whether the statement is a tautology contradiction, or neither. a (a) (a b) a (b a) (b) (pp) ap

The statement is a contingency.

The statement is a contradiction.

Step-by-step explanation:

A tautology is a proposition that is always true.

A contradiction is a proposition that is always false.

A contingency is a proposition that is neither a tautology nor a contradiction.

a) To classify the statement , you need to use the logic laws as follows:

by the logical equivalence involving conditional statement.

by the Commutative law.

by Distributive law.

by the Commutative law.

by the Negation law.

Therefore the statement is a contingency.

b) To classify the statement , you need to use the logic laws as follows:

by the logical equivalence involving conditional statement.

by the Commutative law.

by Distributive law.

by the Negation law.

Therefore the statement is a contradiction.

c

step-by-step explanation:

at least i think its

the answer is d

step-by-step explanation: