There are twelve topics in a module and a student only covers eight of them. four topics are examined in the exam. every topic is equally likely to appear in the exam.
what is the expected number of topics that the student has covered that will appear in the exam ?

45

step-by-step explanation:

$3720

step-by-step explanation:

taxable income = $31000

as per the 2018-2019 us tax bracket, the tax rate is 12% for an individual whose taxable income is between $9,526 to $38,700.

so, the tax to be paid by him = 12% of 31000

= 0.12 * 31000     [12% converted to decimal as 0.12]

= $3720