Based on the table below, determine the winner using the pairwise comparison (copeland's) method:

number of voters 12 9 7 15
1st place
a

b c b
2nd place c d d c
3rd place d a b a
4th place b c a d

Suppose you are choosing a 6-digit personal access code. this code is made up of 4 digits chosen from 1 to 9, followed by 2 letters chosen from a to z. any of these digits or letters can be repeated. find the total number of personal access codes that can be formed. 492,804 341,172 39,917,124 4,435,236