)consider the system given by dx dt = ax + bu, y = cx, where x ∈ rn, u ∈ rp, and y ∈ rq. show that the states can be determined from the input u and the output y and their derivatives if the observability matrix wo given by equation (8.4) has n independent rows.

What is the result of the following division?

For a science project, a high school research team conducted a survey of local air temperatures. based on the results of the survey, the found that the average temperatures were around 10 degrees higher than expected. this result was wrong. the trouble with the survey was that most of the locations were exposed to direct sunlight and located over asphalt or sand, which resulted in higher temperatures than normal. this is a classic example of an error in which phase of inferential statistics?

For the following equations, find the ratio of a to b. be sure to show all of your work. a. 3a = 6b b. 15a = 5b