Scores on a test are normally distributed with a mean of 63.2 and a standard deviation of 11.7. Find Upper P 81, which separates the bottom 81% from the top 19%. Round to two decimal places.

(Upper P81) = 72.68

Step-by-step explanation:

Use the z-score formula:  

        x - mean

z =          Our goal:  find the x-value for the given inputs

           s. d.

Here we know s. d. (11.7) and mean (63.2)

Upper P81 is the upper boundary line of the area to the left of the left half  area 0.81:

          (Upper P81) - 63.2

0.81 =

                    11.7

Our job is to solve for (Upper P81).  Do this by multiplying both sides of this equation by 11.7, obtaining:

9.477 = (Upper P81) - 63.2, or

63.2 + 9.477 = (Upper P81), or, finally,

(Upper P81) = 72.68

answer:   segregation violated the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment, which holds that no state can “deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.”

details/explanation:

brown v. board of education of topeka, decided by the us supreme court in 1954, ruled that all americans are entitled to the same civil liberties and protections in regard to access to education. until that decision, it was legal to segregate schools according to race, so that black students could not attend the same schools as white students.   an older supreme court decision, plessy v. ferguson (1896), had said that separate, segregated public facilities were acceptable as long as the facilities offered were equal in quality.   in the case of brown v. board of education, that standard was challenged and defeated.   segregation was shown to create inequality, and the supreme court unanimously ruled segregation to be unconstitutional.

the ruling was important in advancing civil rights because it affirmed that the 14th amendment applies to all rights and privileges of citizens, including access to   education.   this was being violated by states whose laws supported the segregation of schools.   section 1 of the 14th amendment reads as follows:

d. 8

step-by-step explanation:

the given radical expression is:

we can rewrite this as:

we express as square numbers to get;

the exponents will now cancel out to give.

the correct answer is d