Hi there can anyone me out with this because i'm really struggling with this

Pls! does anybody know a shortcut for answering these types of questions in the future?

Solve with work both bert and ernie received an increase in their weekly salaries. bert's salary increased from $520 to $520. ernie's salary went from $580 to $645. find the percent of increase for each salary. what was the larger of the two percents ?

Jermaine has t subway tokens. karen has 4 more subway tokens than jermaine. raul has 5 fewer subway tokens than jermaine. which expression represents the ratio of karen's tokens to raul's tokens