Evaluate
12^-8 over 12^-9=

12

Step-by-step explanation:

We know that a^b / a^c = a^ (b-c)

12 ^ -8  / 12 ^ -9

12 ^ (-8 - -9)

12 ^ (-8+9)

12 ^ 1

12

step-by-step explanation:

here's what happens:

1) the graph of f   = x^2 is shifted 2 units to the right.

2) the resulting graph is reflected in the x-axis, so that the parabola now opens down.

3) this final result is transformed up by 5 units.