(7 points) Briefly explain what perfect multicollinearity is and how it relates to what is often called the "dummy variable trap". This is where if you have multiple binary regressors (variables that are either 0 or 1) to represent a series of groups, you have to leave the variable that represents one of the groups out of the regression.

44

step-by-step explanation:

answer: 8

step-by-step explanation: if you add the possibilities 5 different flavor and 3 different sizes 5+3=8

the height of the surface increases from the center out to the sides of the road.

step-by-step explanation:

as we move out we move away from the x-axis.

and as mentioned in the problem statement that height of a road increases when we move away from the center x.

hence proved that 3rd option

the height of the surface increases from the center out to the sides of the road.

is the correct option.