A stereo store is offering a special price on a complete set ofcomponents (receiver, compact disc player, speakers, cassette deck)ie one of each. A purchaser is offered a choice ofmanufacturer for each component: Receiver: Kenwood, Onkyo, Pioneer, Sony, Sherwood
CD Player: Onkyo, Pioneer, Sony, Technics
Speakers: Boston, Infinity, Polk
Cassette Deck: Onkyo, Sony, Teac, Technics

A switch board display in the store allows a customer to hooktogether any selection of components (consisting of one of eachtype). Use the product rules to answer the following questions.
a. In how many ways can one component of each type beselected?
b. In how many ways can components be selected if boththe receiver and the cd player are to be sony?
c. In how many ways can components be selected if noneis to be sony?
d. In how many ways can a selection be made if at leastone sony component is to be included?
e. If someone flips the switches on the selection in acompletely random fashion, what is the probability that the systemselected contains at least one sony component? Exactly onesony component?

Step-by-step explanation:

(a)

The number of receivers is 5.

The number of CD players is 4.

The number of speakers is 3.

The number of cassettes is 4.

Select one receiver out of 5 receivers in ways.

Select one CD player out of 4 CD players in ways.

Select one speaker out of 3 speakers in ways.

Select one cassette out of 4 cassettes in ways.

Find the number of ways can one component of each type be selected.

By the multiplication rule, the number of possible ways can one component of each type be selected is,

The number of ways can one component of each type be selected is

Part a

Therefore, the number of possible ways can one component of each type be selected is 240.

(b)

The number of Sony receivers is 1.

The number of Sony CD players is 1.

The number of speakers is 3.

The number of cassettes is 4.

Select one Sony receiver out of 1 Sony receivers in ways.

Select one Sony CD player out of 1 Sony CD players in ways.

Select one speaker out of 3 speakers in ways.

Select one cassette out of 4 cassettes in ways.

Find the number of ways can components be selected if both the receiver and the CD player are to be Sony.

By the multiplication rule, the number of possible ways can components be selected if both the receiver and the CD player are to be Sony is,

Number of ways can one components of each type be selected

Therefore, the number of possible ways can components be selected if both the receiver and the CD player are to be Sony is 12.

(c)

The number of receivers without Sony is 4.

The number of CD players without Sony is 3.

The number of speakers without Sony is 3.

The number of cassettes without Sony is 3.

Select one receiver out of 4 receivers in 4C_1 ways.

Select one CD player out of 3 CD players in 3C_1 ways.

Select one speaker out of 3 speakers in 3C_1 ways.

Select one cassette out of 3 cassettes in 3C_1 ways.

Find the number of ways can components be selected if none is to be Sony.

By the multiplication rule, the number of ways can components be selected if none is to be Sony is,

[excluding sony from each of the component]

Therefore, the number of ways can components be selected if none is to be Sony is 108.

(d)

The number of ways can a selection be made if at least one Sony component is to be included is,

= Total possible selections -Total possible selections without Sony

= 240-108

= 132  

Therefore, the number of ways can a selection be made if at least one Sony component is to be included is 132.

(e)

If someone flips the switches on the selection in a completely random fashion, the probability that the system selected contains at least one Sony component is,

= 132  / 240

= 0.55

The probability that the system selected contains exactly one Sony component is,

Therefore, if someone flips the switches on the selection in a completely random fashion, then is the probability that the system selected contains at least one Sony component is 0.55.

If someone flips the switches on the selection in a completely random fashion, then is the probability that the system selected contains exactly one Sony component is 0.4125.