Vitamin D is important for the metabolism of calcium and exposure to sunshine is an important source of vitamin D. A researcher wanted to determine whether osteoperosis was associated with a lack of exposure to sunshine. He selected a sample of 250 women with osteoperosis and an equal number of women without osteoperosis. The two groups were matched - in other words they were similar in terms of age, diet, occupation, and exercise levels. Histories on exposure to sunshine over the previous twenty years were obtained for all women. The total number of hours that each woman had been exposed to sunshine in the previous twenty years was estimated. The amount of exposure to sunshine was compared for the two groups. Group of answer choices

The type of observational study describer here is retrospective study.

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The complete question is:

Vitamin D is important for the metabolism of calcium and exposure to sunshine is an important source of vitamin D. A researcher wanted to determine whether osteoperosis was associated with a lack of exposure to sunshine. He selected a sample of 250 women with osteoperosis and an equal number of women without osteoperosis. The two groups were matched - in other words they were similar in terms of age, diet, occupation, and exercise levels. Histories on exposure to sunshine over the previous twenty years were obtained for all women. The total number of hours that each woman had been exposed to sunshine in the previous twenty years was estimated. The amount of exposure to sunshine was compared for the two groups. Determine what type of observational study is described. Explain.

Solution:

In retrospective study design, the concerned outcome has previously taken place in each participant by the phase he or she is signed up for the study, and the information are gathered either from past data or by requesting the participants to recall exposures.

It is also known as a historic cohort study.

A retrospective study is completed as posterior experiment, using data on events that have already taken place in the history. In most cases some or most of the data has already been collected and stowed in the archive.

In the provided scenario, the researcher collect the past data for the exposure to sunshine over the previous twenty years for 250 women. And estimated the  total number of hours that each woman had been exposed to sunshine in the previous twenty years.

Then the researcher compares the amount of exposure to sunshine for the two groups.

Thus, the type of observational study describer here is retrospective study.

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