Read the excerpt from the Supreme Court’s Brown v. Board of Education decision. We conclude that, in the field of public education, the doctrine of "separate but equal” has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal. . . . [The courts must issue] orders and decrees . . . to admit to public schools on a racially nondiscriminatory basis with all deliberate speed the parties to these cases. Brown v. Board of Education, Chief Justice Earl Warren, 1954–1955 Which phrase did state leaders who were opposed to integration use to drag out the process of desegregation? “separate but equal” “with all deliberate speed” “are inherently unequal” “racially nondiscriminatory”

The correct answer is A. "separate but equal"

Explanation:

The excerpt presented belongs to the decision taken by Chief Justice Earl Warren (chief judge from  1943- 19539) as part of Brown v. Board of Education. In this, Chief Justice Warren declares integration is a must and the doctrine of "separate but equal" is unconstitutional as he demands "to admit to public schools on a racially nondiscriminatory basis".

Moreover, the doctrine of "separate but equal" defined by the Chief Justice as "inherently unequal" was a strategy and phrase opponents of integration used to avoid the process of integration as this implied building separated facilities for non-whites and claiming these facilities offered the same conditions. However, this doctrine still promoted discrimination as non-whites were not admitted or accepted in white schools. Moreover, in most cases the education offered and conditions were unequal. According to this, the phrase or doctrine used to drag out the process of desegregation or slow down integration is "separate but equal"

C

Separate schools for African American students were almost always unequal to white schools.

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