10) A University of Helsinki (Finland) study wanted to determine if chocolate consumption during pregnancy had an
effect on infant temperament at age 6 months. Researchers began by asking 305 healthy pregnant women to
report their chocolate consumption. Six months after birth of the babies, the researchers asked each mother to
rate her infant's temperament, including smiling, laughter, and fear. The babies born to women who had been
eating chocolate daily during pregnancy were found to be more active and positively reactive" - a measure that
the investigators said encompasses traits like smiling and laughter.
Was this an observational study or an experiment? Explain.
A
Eliminate
B)
This was an experiment since the 305 women were probably picked at
random.
This was an experiment because the data was collected through a random
design
This was an observational study because mothers were not assigned to eat
different amounts of chocolate.
D)
This was an experiment since researchers were using human subjects to
study a cause-and-effect relationship.