Let c be a positive number. Explain how to shift the graph of y=f(x) upward, downward, left, or right c units. Give examples.

y = f(x) + c is the graph y = f(x) shifted upward c units.

y = f(x) - c is the graph of y = f(x) shifted downward c units.

y = f(x - c) is the graph of y = f(x) shifted to the right c units.

y = f(x + c ) is the graph of y = f(x) shifted to the left c units.

the bolded word " farsighted" could be replaced with visionary.