Okay.

the soap recipe is increased so that 75 grams of shea butter are needed. complete the ratio table to find out the amount of sodium hydroxide that is needed.

table:

shea butter: 30 no number 75
sodium hydroxide: 42 and no numbers

You would need 105 of sodium I found how much increase there was from 30 to 75 by doing 75/30 which is 2.5 that means the new amount of sodium would be 2.5 times 42 which is 105. You could also set up ratios and cross multiply like the picture I sent