What is the distance between points (5,2) and (1,-3) on a coordinate plane

What is the effect on the graph of the function f(x)=x when f(x) is replaced with -f(x)+4

If the altitude is drawn to the hypotenuse of a right triangle, then the two triangles formed are similar to the original triangle and to each other. which set of triangles shows the similar triangles created by the altitude in the diagram?

What rotation was applied to triangle def to create d’e’f’?