How do u work these out and solve them

Which of the following describes how to translate the graph y = xi to obtain the graph of y = x - 11 - 12 1 unit left and 1 unit down 1 unit left and 1 unit up 1 unit right and 1 unit down 1 unit right and 1 unit up

Enter the missing numbers in the boxes to complete the table of equivalent ratios of lengths to widths. ? 18 8 ? 10 30 12 ?

In two or more complete sentences, determine the appropriate model for the given data and explain how you made your decision. (1,-1), (2,0.5), (5,1.5), (8,2)