Dilations (picture attached).
i need understanding how to do these problems.

I will explain 1 and 3 so you can try the others on your own

1) Since the scale factor is larger than 1, you can think of it like the point values are getting larger. Since the scale factor is 4, you need to multiply each coordinate by 4, so that each coordinate increases by a factor of 4. So point A becomes (4,-8) because 1*4=4 and -2*4=-8. Then point B becomes (8,12) because 2*4=8 and 3*4=12. The point C becomes (-4,0) because -1*4=-4 and 0*4=0

3) This is the same ideas as number one except, the values are going to decrease because the scale factor is less than 1. We just need to multiply each value by 2/3. So A would become (2,2) because 3*2/3=2. Then B would become (-4,2) because -6*2/3=-4 and 3*2/3=2. And C would become (-6,4) because -9*2/3=-6 and 6*2/3=4

Now you should be able to try the others on your own. Let me know if you need any more help