A study of the salaries of full professors at a small university shows that the median salary for female professors is considerably less than the median male salary. Further investigation shows that the median salaries for male and female full professors are about the same in every department (English, physics, etc.) of the university. Which phenomenon explains the reversal in this example?

Simpson's paradox

Step-by-step explanation:

Since in the given situation it is mentioned that the median salary of the female professor would be less than the median salary of male. If there is any further investigation so we get to know that the salary of male & female professor is same in each and every department

So here the simpson paradox should be considered as if there is any change in weightage that lies between participation & success so we can get a contradictory view

Therefore the same would be considered

irrational, cannot