Could you help me answer 2a, b, c and d? See the image below.

2a. 1/4

2b. 2/8

2c. yes, 1/4 = 2/8 because

2 / 8 = 2 ÷ 2 / 8 ÷ 2 = 1 / 4.

2d. the total number of parts doubled in the denominator, the number of parts represented in the numerator doubled as well.

The operations of division and multiplication are made proportionally to the numerator and denominator.

the answer is; biodiversity resulting from few ancestors

adaptive radiation occurs when a population is subjected to a large natural environment with spatial ecological variations. the parts of the population in the different ecologies begin to adapt to their local environments. due to non-random mating across the large populations, this causes the different populations from the large population to speciate within their local environments. they, therefore, diverge to different species sharing a common ancestor.