Use the following information to answer the next six exercises. There are 23 countries in North America, 12 countries in South America, 47 countries in Europe, 44 countries in Asia, 54 countries in Africa, and 14 in Oceania (Pacific Ocean region). Let A = the event that a country is in Asia.
Let E = the event that a country is in Europe.
Let F = the event that a country is in Africa.
Let N = the event that a country is in North America. Let O = the event that a country is in Oceania.
Let S = the event that a country is in South America.
18. What is the probability of drawing a red card in a standard deck of 52 cards?
19. What is the probability of drawing a club in a standard deck of 52 cards?

The probabilities we found in this exercise are.

In this exercise, probability concepts are used.

A probability is the number of desired outcomes divided by the number of total outcomes.

Total number of countries:

23 + 12 + 47 + 44 + 54 + 14 = 194

Let A = the event that a country is in Asia.

44 of the 194 countries are in Asia, thus:

0.2268 = 22.68% probability that a country is in Asia.

Let E = the event that a country is in Europe.

47 out of 194 countries are in Europe, thus:

0.2423 = 24.23% probability that a country is in Europe.

Let F = the event that a country is in Africa.

54 out of 194 countries are in Africa, thus:

0.2784 = 27.84% probability that a country is in Africa.

Let N = the event that a country is in North America.

23 out of 194 countries are in North America, thus:

0.1186 = 11.86% probability that a country is in North America.

Let O = the event that a country is in Oceania.

14 out of 194 countries are in Oceania, thus:

0.0722 = 7.22% probability that a country is in Oceania.

Let S = the event that a country is in South America.

12 out of 194 countries are in South America, thus:

0.0619 = 6.19% probability that a country is in South America.

18. What is the probability of drawing a red card in a standard deck of 52 cards?

In a standard deck of 52 cards, 26 are red, and thus:

0.5 = 50% probability of drawing a red card in a standard deck of 52 cards.

19. What is the probability of drawing a club in a standard deck of 52 cards?

In a standard deck of 52 cards, 13 are clubs, and thus:

0.25 = 25% probability of drawing a club in a standard deck of 52 cards.

For more about probabilities, you can check

step-by-step explanation: