A stub function is:. A) A short function
B) A function that has been unit tested
C) A function that acts as a placeholder and returns a simple value so another function can be tested
D) A function that is broken down into smaller steps through step-wise refinement

c. A function that acts as a placeholder and returns a simple value so another function can be tested.

Step-by-step explanation:

A stub simply means a function which has an expected signature but has an incomplete implementation. It is put in place in order for codes to be tested before the functions are fully written.

A stub is a function that acts as a placeholder and returns a simple value so another function can be tested. Therefore, the correct option is C.

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step-by-step explanation:

answer: on graphs, the open and closed circles, or vertical asymptotes drawn as dashed lines us identify discontinuities.

as before, graphs and tables allow us to estimate at best.

when working with formulas, getting zero in the denominator indicates a point of discontinuity.

when working with piecewise-defined functions, check for discontinuities at the transition points where one piece ends and the next begins.

step-by-step explanation: