Explain why chlorine forms a -1 ion, but sulfur forms a -2 ion.

For a chlorine atom to become a chloride ion, it must gain an electron.The chloride ion has a negative charge and is written as Cl-. Chlorine gains an electron because it has seven valence electrons, and to be a full octet, it gains an electron.

i'm thinking more like energy

we need to know the time interval during which the force acts. impulse of force = momentum change