What is the process by which a gas becomes a solid without becoming a liquid first?

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The process by which a gas becomes a solid without becoming a liquid first is called deposition.

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an ion is a charged atom or molecule. it is charged because the number of electrons do not equal the number of protons in the atom or molecule. an atom can acquire a positive charge or a negative charge depending on whether the number of electrons in an atom is greater or less then the number of protons in the atom.