When is the velocity of a mass on a spring at its maximum value? a. when the mass has a displacement of zero b. when the mass is moving downward c. when the mass has maximum acceleration d. when the mass is at rest

A.  when the mass has a displacement of zero

Explanation:

The velocity of a mass on a spring can be calculated by using the law of conservation of energy. In fact, the total energy of the mass-spring system is equal to the sum of the elastic potential energy (U) of the spring and the kinetic energy (K) of the mass:

where

k is the spring constant

x is the displacement of the mass with respect to the equilibrium position of the spring

m is the mass

v is the velocity of the mass

Since the total energy E must remain constant, we can notice the following:

- When the displacement is zero (x=0), the velocity must be maximum, because U=0 so K is maximum

- When the displacement is maximum, the velocity must be minimum (zero), because U is maximum and K=0

Based on these observations, we can conclude that the velocity of the mass is at its maximum value when the displacement is zero, so the correct option is A.

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force is based upon mass and acceleration.the statement is not always true.

it can be explained from newton's second law of motion.

as per newton's second law of motion the rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the applied force and takes place along the direction of force.

mathematically it can be written as -

                                              ⇒      

here   k is the proportionality constant whose value is 1.

                                                            [a is the acceleration=dv/dt]

hence we see that force not only depends on mass and acceleration but also on velocity and rate of change of mass. force f will depend on mass and acceleration only when mass is constant.

hence the statement that force is based upon mass and acceleration is false.