Kepler's first law states that a. the square of the orbital period of a planet is directly proportional to the cube of the semimajor axis of its orbit. b. the square of the orbital period of a planet is indirectly proportional to the cube of the semimajor axis of its orbit. c. planetary orbits are elliptical in shape. d. planets remain at a constant distance from the sun.

Kepler's first law states that planetary orbits are elliptical in shape. (C)

answer: at 24 february, 2014 the population gets twice of its initial population.

explanation:

since we have given that

the population for alpha city, t years after january 1, 2004 is given as

first we find out the initial population, i.e. t=0,

so, our quadratic equation becomes,

according to question, we have said that if the population has twice its initial population, then it becomes

so, time taken to reach this above mentioned population is given by

now, we know that time can't be negative so, we take t=9.149 years.

hence, at 24 february, 2014 the population gets twice of its initial population.

e/c, where e is its total energy