When padding a canoe you push the water backwards with the paddle which in turn will push you forward. which law of motion is being described in the scenario

That scenario is a very  clear demonstration of Newton's Third law of motion:

For every action, there is an equal, opposite reaction.

.) the observation by semmelweis that more mothers died of childbed fever when their doctors also worked in the morgue

ι вєℓιєνє ιт ιѕ тнє fιяѕт ¢нσι¢є(α.)

нє ѕнσυℓ∂ ѕмιℓє ρσℓιтℓу αи∂ ѕρєαк тσ тнє ρєяѕσи ωнσ ιѕ ιитєяяυριиg αfтєя тнє ∂ιѕ¢υѕѕισи

нσρє ι ¢συℓ∂ нєℓρ.