Ahunter on a frozen, essentially frictionless pond uses a rifle that shoots 4.20g bullets at 965m/s. the mass of the hunter (including his gun) is 72.5kg, and the hunter holds tight to the gun after firing it. find the recoil velocity if he fires the velocity horizontally. enter as positive. find the recoil velocity if he first the rifle at 56.0° above the horizontal. enter as positive.

When the gun is fired horizontally :

m = mass of each bullet = 4.20 g = 0.0042 kg

v = velocity of the bullet after fire = 965 m/s

M = mass of the hunter including gun  = 72.5 kg

V = velocity of hunter including gun after fire = ?

V' = velocity of the combination of bullet , gun and hunter before fire = 0 m/s

Using conservation of momentum

m v + M V = (m + M) V'

(0.0042) (965) + (72.5) V = (0.0042 + 72.5) (0)

V = - 0.056 m/s

so recoil velocity comes out to be 0.056 m/s

When the gun is fired at angle 56.0⁰ above the horizontal :

m = mass of each bullet = 4.20 g = 0.0042 kg

v = velocity of the bullet after fire = 965 Cos56 = 539.62 m/s

M = mass of the hunter including gun  = 72.5 kg

V = velocity of hunter including gun after fire = ?

V' = velocity of the combination of bullet , gun and hunter before fire = 0 m/s

Using conservation of momentum

m v + M V = (m + M) V'

(0.0042) (539.62) + (72.5) V = (0.0042 + 72.5) (0)

V = - 0.031 m/s

so recoil velocity comes out to be 0.031 m/s

since you're a real machine, your ama is always less than your ima, because you can never totally eliminate friction.