Is there a formula for the 2nd law of therodynamics, is so name it?

When applying kirchhoff's rules, one of the essential steps is to mark each resistor with plus and minus signs to label how the electric potential changes from one end of the resistor to the other. the circuit in the drawing contains four resistors, each marked with the associated plus and minus signs. however, one resistor is marked incorrectly. which one is it?

During which interval are the persons represented by the graph not moving? a) 0 to 0.5 hrs b) 1.5 to 2 hrs c) 2 to 2.5 hrs d) 4.5 to 5 hrs

Cathy is pedaling down a steep hill on her bicycle and wants to be able to coast up the next hill, which is 25 meters high, without pedaling. cathy and her bicycle have a mass of 75 kg. assuming her bicycle is 100% efficient, what would her speed have to be?