Not all tiles will be usedidentify the element present in each star based on the gaps observed in wavelengths of its light refer to this table containing absorption wavelengths (in nm) of several different elements the table ishelium 447, 502 ,587 ,668carbon 427 ,515, 600 ,678sulfur 425, 565, 639, 675xenon 484, 590, 687calcium 429 ,527, 593, 645silver 421 ,521, 662

Explanation:

Every element when heated, will show an emission spectrum. If it is surrounded by a colder element, the observer will see an absorption spectrum. The stars show us an absorption spectrum as the hotter core is surrounded by relatively cooler outer layers.

Here, to find which element is present inside which star, we just need to match the spectrum of elements with that of the stars. The missing lines in the spectrum of stars are actually that of the element present in the stars.

For star 1, the missing lines are roughly at the wavelength of 450, 500, 590, 670 nm. It implies that Helium is present in the star as its wavelength matches with that of the star 1.

Similarly, for star 2, the missing lines are roughly at the wavelength of 425, 560, 640 and 670 nm. It implies that Sulfur is present in this star as its wavelength matches with that of the the star 2.

Similarly, for star 3, the missing lines are roughly at the wavelength of 430, 510, 600 and 680 nm. It implies that Carbon is present in this star as its wavelength matches with that of the the star 3.

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scattering of light by tiny particles in air to produce the colors we see on sky, is dependent on the following factors:

(i) wavelength of light

(ii) size of the scattering particle  

(iii) distance traveled by light through the atmosphere.

according to rayleigh's law of scattering, the amount of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength. shorter the wavelength, greater is its scattering. hence violet/blue light is scattered more than red.

sun's light is a composite light ( visible light) with wavelengths in the range 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red). as sunlight passes through our atmosphere, the molecules of air scatter light according to their wavelengths. during sunrise and sunset, the sun's position is below the horizon. hence light from the sun travels a greater distance in the atmosphere when compared to its position a noon.

as sunlight enters the earth's atmosphere, blue light is scattered away and at the end of its journey in the sky, only red and orange wavelengths remain in the beam.

hence at sunrise and sunset, the sky appears reddish orange.