Describe the extent to which you think earths orbital speed change throughout the year? explain your reasoning.

Earth distance from sun:

perihelion = 1.471 * 10E8 km    (nearest approach)

aphelion   = 1.521 * 10E8 km    (farthest distance)

M Vp Rp = M Va Ra     conservation of angular momentum

Vp / Va = Ra / Rp  = 1.521 / 1.471 = 1.034

So the speed change from min to max is about 3.4 %

as we know our atmosphere or air have different levels. every level has other gasses, and every gas has another permeability. when the light comes from lower permeability to higher permeability, it changes its direction. so that means that when the light comes from the moon to the earth, it changes it's direction many more times. it basically means that the shape of the light part of the moon is changed on the earth.

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