What determines the properties of elements?

An isotope undergoes radioactive decay by emitting radiation that has a –1 charge. what other characteristic does the radiation have?

Contrast the force of gravity between these pairs of objects: 1-kg mass and a 2-kg mass that are 1 m apart; a 1-kg mass and a 2-kg mass that are 2 m apart; and two 2=kg masses that are 1 m apart. i dont understand.

What radiation has a higher frequency than visible light