You are testing a new amusement park roller coaster with an empty car with a mass of 108kg. one part of the track is a vertical loop with a radius of 12.0m. at the bottom of the loop (pointa) the car has a speed of 25.0m/sand at the top of the loop (pointb) it has speed of 8.00m/s. as the car rolls from point a to point b, how much work is done by friction?

-4892 J

Explanation:

The work done by friction is equal to the difference in mechanical energy of the car between the bottom of the loop (point A) and the top of the loop (point B).

The mechanical energy of the car at point A is

where

is the mass of the car

is the speed at point A

is the height of the car at point A (zero because it is at the bottom of the loop)

Substituting into the equation, we find

The mechanical energy of the car at point B is

where

is the mass of the car

is the speed at point B

(twice the radius) is the height of the car at point B, at the top of the loop

Substituting into the equation, we find

So, the work done by friction is

And the work is negative because it is done against the motion of the car.

answer;

d. are made mostly of liquid

explanation;

-the general   composition and structure planets includes; they have a thick gas and liquid layer covering a small,solid core. mostly the gases are hydrogen and helium atmosphere and layers of liquid hydrogen. for instance neptune and uranus are examples of the outer planets, they have a core covered by ice and ammonia.

-neptune's atmosphere is hydrogen and helium with a bit of methane so there is no oxygen to breath and the interior is made up of frozen water and ammonia with a rock and iron core. thus, there is no liquid water or solid surface to survive.