How does energy get into the apple in the first place?

a. the apple absorbs energy from the soil while it is on the tree.
b. the apple absorbs energy from the sun when it is in sunlight.
c. the apple tree stores energy from the sun in the apple as sugar.
d. the apple tree stores energy from the soil in the apple as sugar.

It's B. The apple gets energy from a process called photosynthesis. Plants create chemical energy through photosynthesis, which involves the sun. So, it's the sunlight.

v 154.9= 0.9 length length s little over 154.9cm

scattering of light by tiny particles in air to produce the colors we see on sky, is dependent on the following factors:

(i) wavelength of light

(ii) size of the scattering particle  

(iii) distance traveled by light through the atmosphere.

according to rayleigh's law of scattering, the amount of scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its wavelength. shorter the wavelength, greater is its scattering. hence violet/blue light is scattered more than red.

sun's light is a composite light ( visible light) with wavelengths in the range 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red). as sunlight passes through our atmosphere, the molecules of air scatter light according to their wavelengths. during sunrise and sunset, the sun's position is below the horizon. hence light from the sun travels a greater distance in the atmosphere when compared to its position a noon.

as sunlight enters the earth's atmosphere, blue light is scattered away and at the end of its journey in the sky, only red and orange wavelengths remain in the beam.

hence at sunrise and sunset, the sky appears reddish orange.