What type of electron is available to form bonds?

Valence electrons

Explanation:

The valence electrons are found in the outermost shell of an atom. They are the most loosely held electrons found within an atom. These valence electrons are involved and are used to form bonds when atoms combines together.

The energy required to remove these loosely held electrons is relatively low compared to electrons located in the inner orbitals. This is why when atoms combines, they use the outermost electrons to form bonds and mimic stable atoms like those of the noble gases.

gpe = mass x gravity constant x height or… gpe = mgh

where… mass: measured in kilograms (kg)

gravity: gravity constant on earth = 10.00 m/s2

height: measured in meters (m)

gpe: measured in joules (j) or kilojoules (kj)

how do you solve gpe?

gravitational potential energy (gpe) is the energy an object has because of its position above the. ground.

gpe = mass x gravity constant x height or… gpe = mgh.

mass:

note: to earn full marks when solving science word problems, you must show your work:

formula.

example:

given values:

mass = 0.3 kg.

force required to detach it is given by

charges are taken to be fundamental charge

now we have

so above is the minimum distance at which it will detach