The steel pipe has an inner diameter of 2.75in and an outer diameter of 3in. if it is fixed at c and subjected to the horizontal 60-lb force acting on the handle of the pipe wrench at its end, determine the principal stresses in the pipe at point a, which is located on the outer surface of the pipe.

im guessing the west of station b

the aurora is formed when charged particles emitted from the sun during a solar flare penetrate the earth's magnetic shield and collide with atoms and molecules in our atmosphere. these collisions result in countless little bursts of light, called photons, which make up the aurora.

auroras are generated by charged solar particles hitting molecules in earth's atmosphere. this usually happens in high latitudes, because our planet’s magnetic field tends to funnel these particles toward the poles. that’s why it can be experienced in northern ohio.