An x-ray beam with wavelength 0.230 nm is directed at a crystal. as the angle of incidence increases, you observe the first strong interference maximum at an angle 22.5 ∘. what is the spacing d between the planes of the crystal?

The astronauts on the space shuttle flights experienced an acceleration of 29 m/s2 (about 3 "g's") during lift-off. what upward force must the astronaut's seat apply to the astronaut in order to cause this acceleration? assume the astronaut's mass is 70 kg, and compute this force when the acceleration is near the earth's surface so their weight equals latex: mg m g .