What are the divisions within a shell called

The divisions within an atom's shell are called subshells. This means that each shell consists of several subshells that are made up of orbitals. Each orbital consists of 1 or 2 electrons. The outermost shell of an atom is what we call the valence electrons, and they are what participate in chemical bonding.

Alinear relationship would look like a straight line on the graph. it could have a positive negative or 0 slope. so it could be a line potentially going in any direction but it must be perfectly straight.