If an alpha particle (two protons and twoneutrons) is given an initial (nonrelativistic) velocityvat a very far distance and is aimed directly at a gold nucleus (z=79), what is the closest distance d the alpha particle will come to the nucleus?
in this problem you can estimate that the mass of the proton m_p is equal to the mass of the neutron and only consider the effects of a single gold nucleus. assume that the alpha particle comes close enough so that the nucleus is not substantially screened by inner-shell electrons. express your answer in terms of m_p, the permittivity of free space epsilon_0, the magnitude of the electron charge e, and v.