Problem 2. a laser with an output wavelength 633 nm and a spectral width 0.005 nm is used to record a hologram. the refractive index of the holographic recording material is n 1.5. if the angle between the object and the reference beam is 30 degree as shown in the below figure and the maximum allowed vibration is one fourth of the period of holographic fringe, calculate (a) what is the definition of the hologram? (b) the maximal allowed vibration during the holographic recording process. (c) the maximal allowed optical path difference between the object and reference beams. (d) if this is a thin phase hologram, what is the highest diffraction efficieney of this hologram? tiitliellzzi holographic plate

the order for strong to weak forces such as

strong nuclear force → electromegnetic force → weak nuclear force → gravitational force

the fundamental forces are those forces that act between to objects or element to make interactions. there are four types of fundamental forces such as strong and weak nuclear forces (due to protons and electrons), electromagnetic force (due to the motion of electrons) and gravitational force (due to orbital movement of the planet). if these forces are arranged on the basis of their maximum strength then the order is

strong nuclear force → electromegnetic force → weak nuclear force → gravitational force

causes

fossil fuels burn

cities become more industrialized

human population grows worldwide

the temperature in kelvin of 2.0 dm3 of an ideal gas is doubled and its pressure is increased by a factor of four. what is the final volume of the gas

490 n

f=125n a=2.5m/s2