Liam did an investigation to see how water temperature affects the amount of salt that will dissolve in the water. he filled 4 beakers with exactly 100 milliliters of water each. he then heated each beaker to a different temperature and tested salt solubility at each different temperature. what was liam's independent variable?
amount of water in each beaker
the number of beakers
the amount of salt that dissolved in each beaker
the temperature of the water in each beaker

Zeros that follow non-zeros numbers and are also to the right of a decimal point are significant

Clothing made of several thin layers of fabric with trapped air in between, often called ski clothing, is commonly used in cold climates because it is light, fashionable, and a very effective thermal insulator. so it is no surprise that such clothing has largely replaced thickand heavy old-fashioned coats. (a) consider a jacket made of five layers of 0.1-mm-thick synthetic fabric (k = 0.13 w/m·°c) with 1.5-mm-thick air space (k = 0.026 w/m·°c) between the layers. assuming the inner surface temperature of the jacket to be 28°c and the surface area to be 1.25 m2, determine the rate of heat loss through the jacket when the temperature of the outdoors is 0°c and the heat transfer coefficient at the outer surface is 25 w/m2·°c. (b) what would your response be if the jacket is made of a single layer of 0.5-mm-thick synthetic fabric? what should be the thickness of a wool fabric (k = 0.035 w/m·°c) if the person is to achieve the same level of thermal comfort wearing a thick wool coat instead of a five-layer ski jacket?

How do the kidneys affect homeostasis