The total number of particles given by in an ideal gas of bosons of non-zero mass is 3/2 2x(2m) de b(e-h)-1 s. 1 n= eb1 0 (a) explain what is meant by each of the two terms in this equation. (there is to define the individual symbols.) no need [2 marks (b) briefly outline what is meant by the critical temperature tc. describe the properties of the gas at temperatures below te and explain how they arise. 5 marks] (c) near the critical temperature, the molar heat capacity at constant volume, cy, for a system of bosons is greater than the classical value of 1.5r. explain whether or not you expect the value to approach 1.5r at higher temperatures

The percent efficiency of a machine can never be 100% (or greater), because in the real world some energy is always converted into a. heat b. work c. input force d. output force

Three different objects, all with different masses, are initially at rest at the bottom of a set of steps. each step is of uniform height . the mass of each object is a multiple of the base mass : object 1 has mass 4..00m , object 2 has mass 1..96m , and object 3 has mass . when the objects are at the bottom of the steps, define the total gravitational potential energy of the three-object system to be zero. if the objects are then relocated as shown, what is the new total potential energy of the system? each answer requires the numerical coefficient to an algebraic expression. each algebraic expression is given using some combination of the variables , , and , where is the acceleration due to gravity. enter only the numerical coefficient. (example: if the answer is 1..23mgd , just enter 1.23)

Within a pendulum, as potential energy decreases, energy increases. a. heat b. kinetic c. frictional d. gravitational