Abeam of initially unpolarized light passes through a sequence of three ideal polarizers. the angle between the axes of the first and second polarizers, labeled , is 17.1∘ and the angle between the axes of the second and third polarizers, labeled , is 58.9∘ . what is the ratio of the intensity of light emerging from the third polarizer, , to the intensity of light incident on the first polarizer, ?

Explanation:

As we know that when unpolarized light passes through a polarizer then its intensity becomes half of the initial intensity

so after passing through first polarizer the intensity of light is given as

now By Malus law we know that when polarized light passes through a polarizer with axis inclined at some angle then intensity is given as

Now again it passes from another polarizer at angle 58.9 degree

so the ratio of the intensity will be

the aurora is formed when charged particles emitted from the sun during a solar flare penetrate the earth's magnetic shield and collide with atoms and molecules in our atmosphere. these collisions result in countless little bursts of light, called photons, which make up the aurora.

auroras are generated by charged solar particles hitting molecules in earth's atmosphere. this usually happens in high latitudes, because our planet’s magnetic field tends to funnel these particles toward the poles. that’s why it can be experienced in northern ohio.