The formation and implosion of atomized gas bubbles caused by pressure waves in a fluid medium is referred to as

Cavitation

Cavitation refers to the phenomenon under which increasing change of pressure in liquid leads to the development of vapor-filled voids, in places where pressure is comparatively  less. When placed under higher pressure, these voids, collapse and can produce a shock wave.

In other words, the creation and rupture of atomized gas voids induced by pressure waves under a fluid medium is known as cavitation.