Galileo estimated the height of lunar mountains by: (a) measuring the height of clouds around the mountains (b) measuring the wavelength of light rays in his telescope (c) looking it up on the internet (d) observing illuminated mountain peaks in the dark portion of the moon (e) assuming lunar mountains are the same as earth mountains

Option (D) By observing illuminated mountain peaks in the dark portion of the moon.

Explanation:

Unlike the traditions at the time of Aristotle which considered that the celestial bodies are spherical and perfectly smooth bodies.

But based on Galileo's observations, the zone that was illuminated in the dark region of the moon near the line that separates the illuminated and the shadowy parts, known as terminator was noticed.

On the breaking of the dawn, as the sunlight hit the top of the lunar mountains it lightens up while the valleys are still dark.

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bacteria that live on the ocean floor are sustained by phytoplankton. phytoplankton, microscopic marine photosynthetic organisms, have a vastly significant role to play not only in the marine food web of which they’re part of, but also on a more global scale. despite their infinitely small size in comparison to other marine organisms, these tiny creatures occupy an immensely important ecological niche: they are the foundation of the marine food web, and as primary producers, play key roles in supporting all other organisms in the marine environment, as well as in the regulation of the earth’s climate through the sequestration of carbon, oxygen production, and other related processes. phytoplankton account for roughly half of all global primary productivity; therefore, their significance extends far beyond the marine environment alone. there is an intriguing sense of irony in the realization that these tiny living beings that often live out their existence unnoticed and undetected by the rest of the world, have such a far-reaching impact on the lives of virtually all other living organisms on the planet, particularly on those in the marine environment. the world that we have become accustomed to has been and is continuously shaped by the workings of these miniscule yet vital “plants of the sea”.

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