Spin-orbit energy in an atom. estimate the magnitude of the spin-orbit energy for an atomic electron in the hydrogen 2p state. (hint: from the vantage point of the moving electron, the nucleus circles it in an orbit with radius equal to the bohr radius for this state. treat the orbiting nucleus as a current in a circular wire loop and use the result from classical electromagnetism, b = 2km de for the b field at the center of loop with radius r and magnetic moment u. here, km = 10-7 n/a2 is the magnetic constant in sl units.)

Materials will have different energies associated with the electrons inside them. this is related to how strongly bound they are by their work function. if we sandwich a material with a very low energy between two materials with a high energy, we create a trap for an electron. if this trap is very narrow in one direction in comparison to the others, this is approximately a 1-dimensional box that confines the electron. what is the lowest energy of an electron in the box if the thinnest direction across the materials is 4.81 nm?