Aunit of time sometimes used in microscopic physics is the "shake". one shake equals 10−8 s.

(a) how many more shakes in a second are there than seconds in a year?
(b) humans have existed for about 106 years, whereas the universe is about 1010 years old. if the age of the universe is taken to be 1 "universe day", for how many "universe seconds" have humans existed? "universe seconds"

(a) There are 3.17 times more shakes in a second than seconds in a year.

(b) Humans have existed for 9067.72 universe seconds.

Explanation:

(a) First we calcule how many seconds are in a year. One year have 365 days, one day has 24 hours, one hour has 60 minutes and one minute has 60 seconds, so:

Now, we calculate how many shakes are in a second:

Finally, we calculate how many more shakes in a second are there than seconds in a year:

(b) Using a simple rule of three we can calculate  how many "universe seconds" have humans existed, recall that 1 day has 86400 seconds:

1010 years--------->86400s

106 years----------> x seconds

since you're a real machine, your ama is always less than your ima, because you can never totally eliminate friction.

heat the gas and measure the pressure