What gravity means in physics

When a 5.0kg cart undergoes a 2.2m/s increase in speed, what is the impulse of the cart

Identify the correct relation showing that the radius r of the orbit of a moon of a given planet can be determined from the radius r of the planet, the acceleration of gravity at the surface of the planet, and the time τ required by the moon to complete one full revolution about the planet. determine the acceleration of gravity at the surface of the planet jupiter knowing that r = 71 492 km and that t= 3.551 days and r= 670.9 × 10^3 km for its moon europa.

Does the distance travelled by an oscillating mass between times t=0 and t2 equal the displacement of the particle over the same time period if t2> t/2? hint: consider a sine wave starting at t1=0, then consider a closing wave starting at t1=0, for your explanation.