Alight ray just grazes the surface of the earth (m = 6.0 × 10 24 kg, r = 6.4×10 6 m). through what angle α is the light ray bent by gravitational lensing? (ignore the refractive effects of the earth’s atmosphere.) repeat your calculation for a white dwarf (m = 2.0 × 10 30 kg, r = 1.5 × 10 7 m) and for a neutron star (m = 3

(a). The deflection angle is

(b). The deflection angle is  

(c). The deflection angle is

Explanation:

Given that,

Mass of earth

Radius of earth

Mass of white dwarf

Radius of white dwarf

Mass of Neutron

Radius of neutron

We need to calculate the deflection angle for earth

Using formula of angle

Where, R = radius

G = gravitational constant

M = mass

c = speed of light

Put the value into the formula

The deflection angle is

We need to calculate the deflection angle for white dwarf

Using formula of angle

Put the value into the formula

The deflection angle is

We need to calculate the deflection angle for neutron star

Using formula of angle

Put the value into the formula

The deflection angle is

Hence, This is the required solution.

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