It is proposed to have a water heater that consists of an insulated pipe of 5-cm diameter and an electric resistor inside. cold water at 20°c enters the heating section steadily at a rate of 30 l/min. if water is to be heated to 55°c, determine (a) the power rating of the resistance heater (b) the average velocity of the water in the pipe.

a)

b)

Explanation:

Given:

∵1L of water = 1 kg by mass

∴

(a)

we have,

Specific heat capacity of water,

The amount of heat to be supplied per min to the water:

∴Power required is 73.225 kW.

(b)

∵Volume flow rate,

Now area of pipe:

∴Flow velocity

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explanation: